jūs
Appearance
Latvian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *jūˀs, from Proto-Indo-European *yúHs (“you (pl.)”). The non-nominative forms were re-formed, following the paradigm of u-stems: a new accusative *júns > jūs, a new genitive *jūsōn > jūsu (cf. Old Prussian iouson), and a new dative *jūmus > *jumus > jums. Cognates include Lithuanian jūs, Old Prussian ioūs, iaūs, Gothic 𐌾𐌿𐍃 (jus), Sanskrit यूयम् (yūyam) (< *yūš-).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]jūs
- you; accusative plural of jūs
jūs (personal, 2nd person plural)
- you; second-person pronoun, referring to the addressee and other people
- kur jūs, zēni, bijāt? ― where, boys, were you?
- steidzieties, jūs jau gaida! ― hurry up, they are already waiting for you!
- kurš no jums ir vecāks: Birkenbaums, Gulbis vai Jānis? ― which of you is the oldest: Birkenbaums, Gulbis, or Jānis?
- esat, Birutiņ, un tu, Ansi... esat mani bērni, tikai es neesmu jūsu īstais tēvs ― you are, Birutiņa, and you, Ansis... you
- (formal) you; second-person pronoun, referring to the addressee, singular or plural, to show polite respect; often capitalized
- būt uz jūs (ar kādu), uzrunāt (kādu) ar jūs ― to be on jūs (with someone), to address (someone) with, as jūs
- (Ilga:) āgrāk jūs tā nerunājāt... (Marts:) jūs toreiz bijāt maza meitene un nekā nesapratāt ― (Ilga:) you, sir, didn't talk like that before... (Marts:) you, madam, were then a small girl and didn't understand anything
- pateicos par Jūsu palīdzību ― I thank (you) for your help
- Kalniņa kungs, vai Jums šis jautājums ir skaidrs? ― Mr Kalniņš, is this question clear to you?
Declension
[edit]nominative | jūs |
---|---|
genitive | jūsu |
dative | jums |
accusative | jūs |
instrumental | jums |
locative | jūsos |
Related terms
[edit]See also
[edit]singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
1st person | es | mēs | |
2nd person | familiar | tu | jūs |
polite | jūs | ||
3rd person | m | viņš | viņi |
f | viņa | viņas |
References
[edit]- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “jūs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Lithuanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *jūˀs, from Proto-Indo-European *yúHs (“you (pl.)”).
Pronoun
[edit]jūs
Declension
[edit]declension of jūs
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]Lithuanian personal pronouns
Old Prussian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *jūˀs, from Proto-Indo-European *yúHs (“you (pl.)”).
Pronoun
[edit]jūs (singular tū)
- you, the second person plural pronoun
Categories:
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian words with level intonation
- Latvian terms with audio pronunciation
- Latvian non-lemma forms
- Latvian pronoun forms
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian pronouns
- Latvian personal pronouns
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian formal terms
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Lithuanian lemmas
- Lithuanian pronouns
- Lithuanian personal pronouns
- Lithuanian formal terms
- Old Prussian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Prussian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Prussian lemmas
- Old Prussian pronouns