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hat

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "hat"
Languages (23)
Translingual • English
Cimbrian • Danish • German • Hokkien • Hungarian • Irish • Khalaj • Kholosi • Luxembourgish • Maricopa • Middle English • North Frisian • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old English • Swedish • Tetum • Tok Pisin • Turkish • Turkmen • Upper Sorbian
Page categories

Translingual

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Symbol

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hat

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Haitian Creole.

English

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 hat on Wikipedia
A child wearing a hat

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English hat, from Old English hætt, from Proto-Germanic *hattuz (“hat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to guard, cover, care for, protect”). Cognate with North Frisian hat (“hat”), Danish hat (“hat”), Swedish hatt (“hat”), Icelandic hattur (“hat”), Finnish hattu (“hat”), Latin cassis (“helmet”), Lithuanian kudas (“bird's crest or tuft”), Avestan 𐬑𐬀𐬊𐬛𐬀 (xaoda, “hat”), Persian خود (xud, “helmet”), Welsh cadw (“to provide for, ensure”). Compare also hood.

Noun

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hat (plural hats)

  2. (clothing) A covering for the head, often in the approximate form of a cone, dome or cylinder closed at its top end, and sometimes having a brim and other decoration.
  3. (figuratively) A particular role or capacity that a person might fill.
  4. (figuratively) Any receptacle from which names or numbers are pulled out in a lottery.
    1. (figuratively, by extension) The lottery or draw itself.
      We're both in the hat: let's hope we come up against each other.
  5. (video games) A hat switch.
    • 2002, Ernest Pazera, Focus on SDL, page 139:
      The third type of function allows you to check on the state of the joystick's buttons, axes, hats, and balls.
  6. (typography, nonstandard, rare) The háček symbol.
  7. (programming, informal) The caret symbol ^.
  8. (Should we delete(+) this sense?) (Internet slang) User rights on a website, such as the right to edit pages others cannot.
  9. (Cambridge University slang, obsolete) A student who is also the son of a nobleman (and so allowed to wear a hat instead of a mortarboard).
    • 1830, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, chapter 32, in Paul Clifford:
      I knew intimately all the 'Hats' in the University, and I was henceforth looked up to by the 'Caps,' as if my head had gained the height of every hat that I knew.
Synonyms
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Hyponyms
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Derived terms
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Terms derived from hat (noun)
Descendants
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  • Sranan Tongo: ati
Translations
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See also
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Verb

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hat (third-person singular simple present hats, present participle hatting, simple past and past participle hatted)

  1. (transitive) To place a hat on.
    • 2004, David Mitchell, Cloud Atlas, London: Hodder and Stoughton, →ISBN:
      After the maids had hatted and gloved the girls, the carriage was summoned and I was carted around one church after another.
  2. (transitive) To appoint as cardinal.
    • 1929 December 2, “Five New Hats”, in Time:
      It was truly a breathtaking rise. From the quiet school, Pope Pius XI had jumped Father Verdier over the heads of innumerable Bishops, made him Archbishop of Paris. Soon he was to be hatted a Prince of the Church and put in charge of the Cathedral of Notre-Dame.
  3. (intransitive) To shop for hats.
    • 1920, Katharine Metcalf Roof, The Great Demonstration, page 122:
      We might just go hatting this afternoon […]
    • 1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, [Paris]: Olympia Press, →OCLC:
      Watt's need of semantic succour was at times so great that he would set to trying names on things, and on himself, almost as a woman hats.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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hat

  1. (Scotland, Northern England or obsolete) simple past of hit
References
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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Cimbrian

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Verb

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hat

  1. third-person singular present indicative of haban

Danish

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Etymology

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From Old Norse hattr, hǫttr.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /had/, [hæd̥], [hæt]

Noun

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hat c (singular definite hatten, plural indefinite hatte)

  1. hat

Inflection

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Declension of hat
common
gender 		singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative hat hatten hatte hattene
genitive hats hattens hattes hattenes

German

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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hat

  1. third-person singular present of haben

Hokkien

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For pronunciation and definitions of hat – see 喝 (“to drink; to shout; to call out; etc.”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 喝).
For pronunciation and definitions of hat – see 轄 (“to govern; to control; having jurisdiction over; etc.”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 轄).

Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Hungarian numbers (edit)
60
 ←  5 6 7  → 
    Cardinal: hat
    Nominal: hatos
    Ordinal: hatodik
    Day of month: hatodika
    A.o.: hatodszor, hatodjára
    Adverbial: hatszor
    Multiplier: hatszoros
    Distributive: hatosával
    Collective: mind a hat
    Fractional: hatod
    Number of people: hatan

From Proto-Uralic *kutte. Cognates include Finnish kuusi, Northern Mansi хо̄т (hōt), Northern Khanty хәт (hət).

Numeral

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hat

  2. six
Declension
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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative hat hatok
accusative hatot hatokat
dative hatnak hatoknak
instrumental hattal hatokkal
causal-final hatért hatokért
translative hattá hatokká
terminative hatig hatokig
essive-formal hatként hatokként
essive-modal — —
inessive hatban hatokban
superessive haton hatokon
adessive hatnál hatoknál
illative hatba hatokba
sublative hatra hatokra
allative hathoz hatokhoz
elative hatból hatokból
delative hatról hatokról
ablative hattól hatoktól
non-attributive
possessive – singular 		haté hatoké
non-attributive
possessive – plural 		hatéi hatokéi
Possessive forms of hat
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. hatom hataim, hatjaim
2nd person sing. hatod hataid, hatjaid
3rd person sing. hata, hatja hatai, hatjai
1st person plural hatunk hataink, hatjaink
2nd person plural hatotok hataitok, hatjaitok
3rd person plural hatuk, hatjuk hataik, hatjaik
Derived terms
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Compound words with numerals
Other compound words

(Non-institutionalized adjectival compounds with single-element numerals [excerpt]):
hatezres, hatmilliós, hatmilliárdos, hatbilliós; hatméteres, hatcentis, hatkilós, hatdekás, hatgrammos, hattonnás, hatliteres; hatwattos, hatamperes; hatperces, hatórás, hatórai, hatórányi, hatnapi, hatnapos, hathetes, hatheti, hatéves, hatévi, hathavi; hatpercenként, hatóránként, hatnaponta, hatnaponként, hathetente, hathetenként, hathavonta, hathavonként, hatévente, hatévenként; hatfokos, hatfokú, hatirányú, hatoldalas, hatoldalú, hatkötetes, hatdimenziós, hatszázalékos, hatkerekű, hatfős, hatfőnyi, hatnyelvű, hatgyerekes / hatgyermekes, hattagú, hatelemű, hatrészes, hatemeletes, hatrétegű, hatszintes, hatablakos, hatajtós, hatüléses, hatjegyű, hatpontos, hatszavas, hatbetűs, hatsoros; hatforintos, hatdolláros, hateurós; hatlábú, hatágú, hatfejű, hatkezű, hatkarú, hatszemű, hatfülű, hatlevelű.

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Uralic *kattɜ- (“to penetrate, go ahead, move somewhere”). The suffix -hat/-het originated from this verb.[1] First attested in c. 1372.

Verb

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hat

  2. (intransitive, obsolete) to get, arrive at, pass, progress towards (a certain location)
    Synonyms: hatol, ér, jut
    • 1863, János Arany, Rege a csodaszarvasról (The Legend of the Wondrous Hunt, translated by E.D. Butler)
      Süppedékes mély tavaknak / Szigetére ők behatnak.
      An island fair to reach, they pass / Through treacherous pool and deep morass.
  4. (intransitive, archaic or literary) to enter, penetrate
    Synonym: hatol
  6. (intransitive) to take effect, to be effective, to work
    Synonyms: hatásos, működik, beválik
  8. (intransitive) to affect, to have influence, to act (on something -ra/-re)
    Synonyms: kihat, érint, befolyásol
  10. (intransitive) to seem, appear (as something -nak/-nek)
    Synonyms: tűnik, látszik
Conjugation
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Conjugation of hat
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. hatok hatsz hat hatunk hattok hatnak
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. hatottam hatottál hatott hatottunk hatottatok hatottak
def. ―
2nd obj
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. hatni fog.
archaic
preterite 		indef. haték hatál hata hatánk hatátok hatának
def. ―
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. hat vala, hatott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. hatandok hatandasz hatand hatandunk hatandotok hatandanak
def. ―
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. hatnék hatnál hatna hatnánk hatnátok hatnának
def. ―
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hatott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. hassak hass or
hassál 		hasson hassunk hassatok hassanak
def. ―
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hatott légyen
infinitive hatni hatnom hatnod hatnia hatnunk hatnotok hatniuk
other
forms 		verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
hatás ható hatott ― hatva (hatván)
Potential conjugation of hat
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. hathatok hathatsz hathat hathatunk hathattok hathatnak
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. hathattam hathattál hathatott hathattunk hathattatok hathattak
def. ―
2nd obj
archaic
preterite 		indef. hathaték hathatál hathata hathatánk hathatátok hathatának
def. ―
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. hathat vala, hathatott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. hathatandok
or hatandhatok 		hathatandasz
or hatandhatsz 		hathatand
or hatandhat 		hathatandunk
or hatandhatunk 		hathatandotok
or hatandhattok 		hathatandanak
or hatandhatnak
def. ―
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. hathatnék hathatnál hathatna hathatnánk hathatnátok hathatnának
def. ―
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hathatott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. hathassak hathass or
hathassál 		hathasson hathassunk hathassatok hathassanak
def. ―
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hathatott légyen
infinitive (hathatni) (hathatnom) (hathatnod) (hathatnia) (hathatnunk) (hathatnotok) (hathatniuk)
other
forms 		positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
― ― (hathatva / hathatván)
Derived terms
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(With verbal prefixes):

References

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  1. ^ hat in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • (six): hat in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
  • (to take effect): hat in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Irish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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hat

  1. h-prothesized form of at

Verb

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hat

  1. h-prothesized form of at

Khalaj

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Perso-Arabic هات

Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *at.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ha(ˑ)t], [haːt], [hɒ(ˑ)t], [hɒːt], [hæ̞t]
  • (Mansûrâbâdî, Tâlxâbî, Xaltâbâdî) IPA(key): [hɒt]
  • (Xarrâbî) IPA(key): [ha(ˑ)t]

Noun

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hat (definite accusative hatı, plural hatlar)

  1. horse

Declension

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Declension of hat
singular plural
nominative hat hatlar
genitive hatııñ hatlarııñ
dative hatqa hatlarqa
definite accusative hatı hatları
locative hatça hatlarça
ablative hatda hatlarda
instrumental hatla hatlarla
equative hatvâra hatlarvâra

References

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Kholosi

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Etymology

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From Sanskrit हस्त (hasta).

Noun

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hat ?

  1. (anatomy) hand

References

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  • Eric Anonby, Hassan Mohebi Bahmani (2014) “Shipwrecked and Landlocked: Kholosi, an Indo-Aryan Language in South-west Iran”, in Cahier de Studia Iranica xx‎[2], pages 13-36

Luxembourgish

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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hat

  1. inflection of hunn:
    1. first/third-person singular preterite indicative
    2. second-person plural preterite indicative

Verb

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hat

  1. inflection of haen:
    1. second-person plural present indicative
    2. second-person plural imperative

Maricopa

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Noun

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hat (plural haat)

  1. dog

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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From Old English hæt, hætt, from Proto-Germanic *hattuz.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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hat (plural hattes or hatten)

  1. A hat or cap; a piece of headgear or headwear.
  2. A helmet; a hat used as armour.
  3. (rare) A circlet or tiara; a ring-shaped piece of headgear.
  4. (rare) A circle of foam or mist.
  5. (rare) An area of hilly woodland.
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Descendants
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References
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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hat

  1. Alternative form of hate

North Frisian

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Etymology

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From Old Frisian hit.

Pronoun

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hat

  1. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring, Sylt) it (third-person singular neuter personal pronoun)
  2. (Föhr-Amrum) she (third-person singular feminine personal pronoun)

Usage notes

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  • In Mooring and Sylt Frisian, this form is now rarely used. It is replaced with et (unstressed) or the demonstrative dåt, dit (stressed).
  • On Föhr and Amrum, hat is chiefly used of female persons. In the original neuter sense it is similarly replaced with at and det.

Alternative forms

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See also

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Personal and possessive pronouns (Föhr-Amrum dialect)
personal possessive
subject case object case masculine referent feminine / neuter referent plural referent
full reduced full reduced attributive independent
singular 1st ik 'k mi man min minen
2nd dü – di dan din dinen
3rd m hi 'r ham 'n san sin sinen
f or n hat at, 't at, 't
plural 1st wi 'f üs üüs üüsen
üsens
2nd jam 'm jam jau jauen
jamens
3rd jo 's jo 's hör hören
hörens
  • The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
  • At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
  • Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör.
  • Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.
  • The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation.
Personal and possessive pronouns (Mooring dialect)
personal possessive
subject case object case masculine
referent 		feminine / neuter / plural
referent
full reduced full reduced
singular 1st ik 'k me man min
2nd dü – de dan din
3rd m hi 'r ham 'n san sin
f jü 's har 's harn har
n hat et, 't ham et, 't san sin
plural 1st we üs üüsen üüs
2nd jam 'm jam jarnge
3rd ja 's ja, jam 's jare

The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring.

Personal and possessive pronouns (Sylt dialect)
personal possessive
subject case object case singular
referent 		plural referent
full reduced full reduced attributive independent
singular 1st ik 'k mi min minen
2nd dü – di din dinen
3rd m hi 'r höm 'n sin sinen
f jü 's höör 's höör höören
n hat et, 't höm et, 't sin sinen
dual 1st wat unk unk unken
2nd at junk junk junken
3rd jat jam 's jaar jaaren
plural 1st wü üüs üüs üüsen
2nd i juu juu juuen
3rd ja 's jam 's jaar jaaren
  • The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
  • Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
  • The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects.
  • Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.

Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Bokmål Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nb

Etymology 1

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From Old Norse hatr, from Proto-Germanic *hataz.

Noun

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hat n (definite singular hatet, indefinite plural hat, definite plural hata or hatene)

  1. hatred, hate
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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hat

  1. imperative of hate

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse hatr, from Proto-Germanic *hataz. Akin to English hate.

Noun

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hat n (definite singular hatet, indefinite plural hat, definite plural hata)

  1. hatred, hate
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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hat

  1. imperative of hate

References

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Old English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-West Germanic *hait.

Cognates

Cognate with Old Frisian hēt (West Frisian hjit), Old Saxon hēt, Dutch heet, Old High German heiz (German heiß), Old Norse heitr (Swedish het). Cognate to Albanian ethe (“shiver, fiever”), dialectal hethe and ith (“warmth, body heat”), dialectal hith.

Adjective

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hāt (comparative hātra, superlative hātost)

  2. hot
Declension
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Declension of hāt — Strong
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative hāt hāt hāt
Accusative hātne hāte hāt
Genitive hātes hātre hātes
Dative hātum hātre hātum
Instrumental hāte hātre hāte
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative hāte hāta, hāte hāt
Accusative hāte hāta, hāte hāt
Genitive hātra hātra hātra
Dative hātum hātum hātum
Instrumental hātum hātum hātum
Declension of hāt — Weak
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative hāta hāte hāte
Accusative hātan hātan hāte
Genitive hātan hātan hātan
Dative hātan hātan hātan
Instrumental hātan hātan hātan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative hātan hātan hātan
Accusative hātan hātan hātan
Genitive hātra, hātena hātra, hātena hātra, hātena
Dative hātum hātum hātum
Instrumental hātum hātum hātum
Antonyms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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From hātan.

Noun

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hāt n

  2. a promise
Declension
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Strong a-stem:

singular plural
nominative hāt hāt
accusative hāt hāt
genitive hātes hāta
dative hāte hātum
Synonyms
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Descendants
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Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Etymology

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From Old Norse hatr, from Proto-Germanic *hataz.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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hat n (uncountable)

  1. hate, hatred
    • 1982, Lustans Lakejer, “Diamanter [Diamonds]”, in Diamanter / Sång om syrsor [Diamonds / Song about crickets]‎[3]:
      Jag ska börja bli elak. Jag ska odla mitt hat. För om hatet är tillräckligt kallt, så ser man världen så klart. Och jag ska skapa intriger. Jag ska inte gå att lita på. För om dom vet att jag går bakom deras rygg, så känner dom sig så små.
      I'm going to [shall] start being mean. I'm going to cultivate my hatred. For if the hatred is cold enough, you see the world so clearly. And I will create intrigue [intrigues]. I will not be able to trust. For if they know that I go behind their backs [back], they feel so small.
    • 1995, De Lyckliga Kompisarna, “Hat som hobby [Hate as hobby]”, in Sagoland [Fairy tale land]‎[4]:
      Hat och hat och hat, men vad gör du av din kärlek? Hat och hat och hat, men vad gör du av din kärlek? Spänn av och låt din längtan sippra fram.
      Hate and hate and hate, but what do you do with your love? Hate and hate and hate, but what do you do with your love? Relax and let your longing seep out.

Declension

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Declension of hat
nominative genitive
singular indefinite hat hats
definite hatet hatets
plural indefinite — —
definite — —

Derived terms

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References

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Tetum

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Numeral

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hat

  1. four

Further reading

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  • Fransiskus Monteiro (1985) Kamus Tetun-Indonesia [Tetum-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

Tok Pisin

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Etymology 1

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From English hat.

Noun

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hat

  1. hat

Etymology 2

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From English hard.

Adverb

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hat

  1. hard
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 3:19:
      Na bai yu wok hat tru long kisim kaikai bilong yu na tuhat bai i kamap long pes bilong yu. Na bai yu hatwok oltaim inap yu dai na yu go bek long graun. Long wanem, mi bin wokim yu long graun, na bai yu go bek gen long graun.”
      →New International Version translation
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Turkish

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Etymology

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From Ottoman Turkish خط, from Arabic خَطّ (ḵaṭṭ).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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hat (definite accusative hattı, plural hatlar)

  1. line
    Sigfried hattı ― Siegfried line
  2. writing

Declension

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Declension of hat
singular plural
nominative hat hatlar
definite accusative hattı hatları
dative hatta hatlara
locative hatta hatlarda
ablative hattan hatlardan
genitive hattın hatların

Turkmen

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic خَطّ (ḵaṭṭ).

Noun

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hat (definite accusative haty, plural hatlar)

  1. letter (written message)

Declension

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Declension of hat
singular plural
nominative hat hatlar
accusative haty hatlary
genitive hatyň hatlaryň
dative hata hatlara
locative hatda hatlarda
ablative hatdan hatlardan

Further reading

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  • “hat” in Enedilim.com
  • “hat” in Webonary.org

Upper Sorbian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gatь.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɦat/
  • Rhymes: -at
  • Hyphenation: hat
  • Syllabification: hat

Noun

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hat m inan (diminutive haćik or hatk)

  1. pond (natural or man-made)

Declension

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Declension of hat (masculine hard stem)
singular dual plural
nominative hat hataj haty
genitive hata hatow hatow
dative hatej hatomaj hatam
accusative hat hataj haty
instrumental hatom hatomaj hatami
locative hatu hatomaj hatach
vocative hato, haće hataj haty

Further reading

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  • “hat” in Soblex
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